Parental Satisfaction and Loyalty in Islamic Primary Education: Tahfidz Quality, Islamic Values, and School-Parent Communication
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/sjam.v4i3.1235Keywords:
tahfidz programme, Islamic values, parental satisfaction, parental loyalty, PLS-SEMAbstract
Parents in Qur'an-centred primary schools assess more than academic delivery: they also judge tahfidz quality, Islamic values, and communication with families. This study examines how these experiences relate to parental loyalty through satisfaction. A cross-sectional explanatory survey involved 150 parents of pupils at MI Qur'an Al-Qudwah, Indonesia, selected purposively based on direct service experience. A 25-item, five-point Likert instrument was analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling in SmartPLS 4. After four weak items were removed, the measurement model met the specified reliability and validity criteria. Tahfidz programme quality (β =.255, p =.001), Islamic values (β =.226, p =.002), and school-parent communication (β =.266, p <.001) were positively associated with parental satisfaction; satisfaction predicted loyalty (β =.456, p <.001). All three indirect effects through satisfaction were significant (.103–.121). The model explained 31.6% of satisfaction and 20.8% of loyalty, with positive but modest predictive relevance. The findings provide a context-specific account of loyalty formation in Islamic primary education, showing that distinctive programmes, values, and communication contribute to loyalty through parental satisfaction.
References
Al-Baydawi, N. al-D. (2019). Tafsir al-Baydawi: Anwar al-tanzil wa asrar al-ta’wil (A. Baydoun, Ed.). Dar al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyyah.
Al-Ghazali. (1998). Ihya’ ’ulum al-din. Dar al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyyah.
Al-Sa’di, A. al-R. N. (2002). Taysir al-Karim al-Rahman fi tafsir kalam al-Mannan. Mu’assasat al-Risalah.
Alshboul, R., Fawaris, H., & Alshbool, A. (2021). Role of parental believes and focus to improve the quality of Islamic schooling in the Western world. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 96, 102–118. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2021.96.7
Aziz, M. B., Fitriani, Nurhasanah, R., Abidin, A. A., Dwiyama, F., & Toha, M. (2024). Cultural heritage as a driver of educational choices: Evaluating the role of Bugis values in the selection of Islamic private schools in Indonesia. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(3), 726–741. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v7i3.110
Bujang, M. A., Omar, E. D., Foo, D. H. P., & Hon, Y. K. (2024). Sample size determination for conducting a pilot study to assess reliability of a questionnaire. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, 49(1), e3. https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e3
Cahyanto, B., Wibowo, A. M., Arifuddin, A., Dewi, D. K., Salamah, E. R., & Don, A. G. (2025). Innovation of brand building and character development in Islamic school: A transformation based on school core values. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(3), 465–481. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v6i3.1784
Chen, M.-E., Anderson, J. A., & Watkins, L. (2016). Parent perceptions of connectedness in a full service community school project. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(7), 2268–2278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0398-5
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern Methods for Business Research (pp. 295–336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Epstein, J. L. (2011). School, Family, and Community Partnerships: Preparing Educators and Improving Schools (2nd ed.). Westview Press.
Flower, K. B., Skinner, A. C., Yin, H. S., Rothman, R. L., Sanders, L. M., Delamater, A., & Perrin, E. M. (2017). Satisfaction With Communication in Primary Care for Spanish-Speaking and English-Speaking Parents. Academic Pediatrics, 17(4), 416–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.01.005
Hady, M. S., Aziz, R., Nuqul, F. L., Mahpur, M., Nashori, F., & Alribdi, N. I. (2025). Strategies for Fostering Prosocial Behavior: A Mixed Methods Study in Indonesian Islamic Schools. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 22(1), 140–156. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v22i1.10668
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Rethinking some of the rethinking of partial least squares. European Journal of Marketing, 53(4), 566–584. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-10-2018-0665
Hani, S. (2021). Rekonstruksi model penilaian kinerja bank syariah berbasis SATF value [Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara]. http://repository.uinsu.ac.id/15643/
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Ibn Kathir, I. (2023). Tafsir al-Qur’an al-’Azim. Dar Ibn al-Jawzi.
Ikhwan, A., Zukhrufin, F. K., & Triyuliasari, A. (2025). Integrated Islamic School Marketing Management in Indonesia: Competitive or Business Oriented? Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(2), 174–191. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v6i2.1759
Karakaş, N. N., & Doğan Kılıç, E. (2021). Institutional Reputation of Private Schools. In S. S. Ercetin, S. N. Acikalin, & E. Vajzovic (Eds.), Chaos, Complexity and Leadership 2020 (pp. 147–162). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74057-3_12
Khaldun, I. (2005). The Muqaddimah: An Introduction to History (N. J. Dawood, Ed.; Abridged). Princeton University Press.
Lachowicz, M. J., Preacher, K. J., & Kelley, K. (2018). A novel measure of effect size for mediation analysis. Psychological Methods, 23(2), 244–261. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000165
Miočević, M., O’Rourke, H. P., MacKinnon, D. P., & Brown, H. C. (2018). Statistical properties of four effect-size measures for mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, 50(1), 285–301. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-017-0870-1
Nguyen, T. T., Cao, T. Q., Phung, H. T. T., Nguyen, T. T., Phan, T. T. T., & Pham, H. H. (2023). Parents as Customers: The Influence of School Reputation on Satisfaction, Feedback, and Loyalty of Vietnamese Secondary Students’ Parents. Corporate Reputation Review, 26(3), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41299-022-00144-w
Nguyen, T.-T., Pham, H.-H., Cao, Q.-T., Nguyen, X. A., & Do, M. T. (2021). Investigating the impacts of core educational quality on the satisfaction and loyalty of parents of secondary school students: The mediating role of transformative quality. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1911283. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2021.1911283
Nudin, B. (2020). Islamic Education in Early Childhood: Cooperation between Parents and School To Build Character in Disruption Era. Millah, 20(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.20885/millah.vol20.iss1.art1
Nugraha, A. R., Bakti, I., & Zubair, F. (2026). The branding and reputation of Islamic education: Its impact on public perceptions of Islamic schools, West Java, Indonesia. Ianna Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 8(1), 459–471. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17722474
Oliver, R. L. (1980). A Cognitive Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction Decisions. Journal of Marketing Research, 17(4), 460. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150499
Oliver, R. L. (1997). Satisfaction: A Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer. McGraw-Hill.
Oliver, R. L. (1999). Whence Consumer Loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 63(Special Issue), 33. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252099
Ozmen, F., Akuzum, C., Zincirli, M., & Selcuk, G. (2016). The Communication Barriers between Teachers and Parents in Primary Schools. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 16(66), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2016.66.2
Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12–40.
Rafikul Islam, Ibrahim Mohd. Haidoub, & Kazi Md. Tarique. (2019). ENHANCING QUALITY OF EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY ON AN INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC SCHOOL. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 24(Supp. 1), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.21315/aamj2019.24.s1.10
Rokeach, M. (1973). The Nature of Human Values. Free Press.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2023). Research Methods for Business Students (9th ed.). Pearson.
Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the Content and Structure of Values: Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests in 20 Countries. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 25, pp. 1–65). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60281-6
Sellami, A., Romanowski, M., Abu-Shawish, R., Bader, L., & Al Qassass, H. (2022). Predictors of Parental Involvement in Their Child’s Education in Qatar. The International Journal of Early Childhood Learning, 29(2), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-7939/CGP/v29i02/25-40
Shao, M., He, W., Zhao, L., & Su, Y.-S. (2022). The Influence of Parental Involvement on Parent Satisfaction: The Moderating Effect of Parental Educational Level and the Number of Children. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 752802. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.752802
Stribbell, H., & Duangekanong, S. (2022). Satisfaction as a key antecedent for word of mouth and an essential mediator for service quality and brand trust in international education. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9(1), 438. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01459-z
Tsang, S., Royse, C., & Terkawi, A. (2017). Guidelines for developing, translating, and validating a questionnaire in perioperative and pain medicine. Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia, 11(5), 80. https://doi.org/10.4103/sja.SJA_203_17
Tsani, I., Sufirmansyah, S., Makmur, M., & Inâ€TMam, A. (2024). Evaluating the Integration of Islamic Values in Primary Education: A Logic Model Approach. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(1), 87–100. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i1.34238
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Taufiq Usman, Aa Hubur

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright :
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- Copyright in each article belongs to the author.
- The author acknowledges that the Siber Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary (SJAM) has the right to be the first to publish under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal to other versions (for example, sent to the author's institutional repository, publication in a book, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time at SJAM.

























