Peran Agen Pos dalam Memediasi Pengaruh First Mile, Tarif, dan Last Mile terhadap Kinerja Jasa Pos Reguler di Kantor Cabang Utama Makassar

Authors

  • Dominius Harmoko Pandiangan Universitas Logistik dan Bisnis Internasional, Bandung, Indonesia
  • Agus Purnomo Universitas Logistik dan Bisnis Internasional, Bandung, Indonesia
  • Erna Mulyati Universitas Logistik dan Bisnis Internasional, Bandung, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/sjtl.v4i2.1104

Keywords:

First Mile, Tarif, Last Mile Delivery, Agen Pos, Kinerja Layanan Pos Reguler

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh First Mile, Tarif, dan Last Mile Delivery terhadap Kinerja Layanan Pos Reguler melalui Agen Pos sebagai variabel intervening pada PT Pos Indonesia Kantor Cabang Utama Makassar. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 160 Agen Pos dengan sampel 114 responden menggunakan rumus Slovin. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan analisis SEM-PLS menggunakan SmartPLS. Hasil menunjukkan seluruh indikator valid dan reliabel. Nilai R Square Adjusted Agen Pos sebesar 0,438 dan Kinerja Layanan Pos Reguler sebesar 0,662. Pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan First Mile, Tarif, dan Last Mile Delivery berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Agen Pos dengan T-statistic masing-masing 5,889; 2,215; dan 4,561 serta p-value 0,000; 0,027; dan 0,000. Ketiganya juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Layanan Pos Reguler dengan T-statistic 2,299; 3,035; dan 2,306 serta p-value 0,022; 0,003; dan 0,021. Agen Pos berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja dengan T-statistic 14,444 dan p-value 0,000. Pengaruh mediasi First Mile, Tarif, dan Last Mile Delivery juga signifikan. Q Square sebesar 0,484 dan 0,480 menunjukkan predictive relevance model.

References

Alif, A., et al. (2023). Perbandingan kinerja layanan logistik berbasis agen (PT Pos Indonesia dan kurir lain). Jurnal Ekopedia, 10(2), 115–128. https://doi.org/10.63822/g8s63p74

Alverhed, E., Hellgren, S., Isaksson, H., Olsson, L., Palmqvist, H., & Flodén, J. (2024). Autonomous last-mile delivery robots: A literature review. European Transport Research Review, 16, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-023-00629-7

Anwar, A. J. (2024). Analysis of the application of logistics management and logistics information systems in the quality of goods distribution services on customer satisfaction. Siber Journal of Transportation and Logistics, 2(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.38035/sjtl.v2i1.212

Arsova, M., & Temjanovski, R. (2023). Logistics costs and their impact on performance. Journal of Economics, 8(1), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.46763/JOE2381055a

Bhatnagar, S., Rambha, T., & Ramadurai, G. (2022). An agent-based fleet management model for first- and last-mile services. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 164, 102812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2022.102812

Boysen, N., Fedtke, S., & Schwerdfeger, S. (2022). Last-mile delivery concepts: A survey from an operational research perspective. OR Spectrum, 44(3), 635–682.

Cerulli, M., Archetti, C., Fernandez, E., & Ljubić, I. (2024). A bilevel approach for compensation and routing decisions in last-mile delivery. Transportation Science, 58(5), 1076–1100. https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0129

Chen, X., & Gupta, S. (2023). E-commerce growth and its influence on courier performance: A cross-national study. Journal of Transport and Supply Chain Management, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.4102/jtscm.v17i3.123

Du, H., Wu, Y., & Xu, H. (2024). The impact of a tariff on logistics service strategies in an international e-commerce trade: Game theory and agent-based model. Journal of Simulation, 18(6), 1094–1114. https://doi.org/10.1080/17477778.2023.2290498

Farhan, M. (2024). Pengaruh proses first mile terhadap kinerja last mile pada Pos Indonesia Cabang Banjar [Skripsi]. Universitas Logistik dan Bisnis Internasional.

Gamez-Alban, H. M., Guisson, R., & De Meyer, A. (2024). Optimizing the organization of the first mile in agri-food supply chains with a heterogeneous fleet using a mixed-integer linear model. Intelligent Systems with Applications, 23, 200426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswa.2024.200426

Ghazal, A., Narayanan, S., Adeniran, I. O., Kehrt, C., & Antoniou, C. (2025). Analysis of logistics measures of CEP service providers for the last-mile delivery in small- and medium-sized cities: A case study for the Aachen city region. European Transport Research Review, 17, 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-025-00706-z

Ghozali, I. (2023). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 26 (edisi terbaru). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Giménez-Palacios, I., Parreño, F., Álvarez-Valdés, R., Paquay, C., Oliveira, B. B., Carravilla, M. A., & Oliveira, J. F. (2022). First-mile logistics parcel pickup: Vehicle routing with packing constraints under disruption. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 164, 102812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2022.102812

Haughton, M., & Amini, A. (2024). An examination of human fast and frugal heuristic decisions for truckload spot pricing. Logistics, 8(3), 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics8030072

Ibnu, A. S. K. (2023). Pola kemitraan keagenan antara PT Pos Indonesia dengan agen pos dalam perspektif hukum persaingan usaha.

Ilham, M. F. N., & Muzakir, M. F. A. (2022). Cash on delivery: Penerapan pada PT Pos Indonesia. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis.

Iskandar, T., & Arifin, R. (2023). Navigating Indonesia’s logistics and supply chain challenges: A data-driven analysis of logistics performance index. Jurnal BPPK, 16(1), 110–123. https://doi.org/10.48108/jurnalbppk.v16i1.820

James, N., Kumar, A. K. P., & Nathan, R. J. (2025). Logistic service improvement parameters for postal service providers using analytical hierarchy process and quality function deployment. Economies, 13(5), 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13050120

Kaplan, M., & Heaslip, K. (2024). Literature synthesis of emerging last-mile delivery technologies and their applications to rural areas. Transportation Research Record, 2678(12). https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241248156

Kokkinou, A., Lastauskaitė, A., Quak, H., Karaoulanis, A., Mitas, O., & Mandemakers, A. (2025). Unlocking sustainable last mile deliveries through interventions in the pre-delivery stage. Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain, 16, 100250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clscn.2025.100250

Kotlars, A., & Skribans, V. (2024). Literature review: Efficiency, environment and robotization in first and last mile logistics. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 27, 101215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2024.101215

Lim, S. F. W. T., & Winkenbach, M. (2023). Configuring last-mile distribution systems: Impacts on logistics performance. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review.

Liu, S., & Hassini, E. (2023). Freight last mile delivery: A literature review. Transportation Planning and Technology, 47(3), 323–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2023.2268601

Lorenzo-Espejo, A., Muñuzuri, J., Onieva, L., & Muñoz-Díaz, M.-L. (2025). Exploring the correlation between courier workload, service density and distance with the success of last-mile and first-mile reverse logistics. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 33, 1327–1341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-024-00928-x

Mahadi, L. A., & Wandebori, H. (2024). Analysis of service quality PT Pos Indonesia to improve market share. Ekombis Review, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.37676/ekombis.v12i2.5384

Maliarchuk, N. (2025). Reducing last-mile delivery time in postal services through the use of logistics platforms. Advance Journal of Management and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18681991

Mohammad, W. A. M., Diab, Y. N., Elomri, A., & Triki, C. (2023). Innovative solutions in last mile delivery: Concepts, practices, challenges, and future directions. Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal, 24(2), 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/16258312.2023.2173488

Nugroho, N., & Hamdi, E. (2025). Pengaruh logistics capability, information technology, innovation capability dan logistics integration terhadap logistics performance pada industri logistik di Indonesia. Jurnal Lentera Bisnis, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v14i3.1910

Priaswari, N., & Tohir, M. (2025). Optimalisasi kereta api logistik dalam tahap first mile ekspor melalui studi kasus Klari dan Gedebage. Journal of Sustainable Transportation and Logistics, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.38035/jstl.v2i4

Raj, R., Singh, A., Kumar, V., De, T., & Singh, S. (2024). Assessing the e-commerce last-mile logistics’ hidden risk hurdles. Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain, 10, 100131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clscn.2023.100131

Rozikin, Z., & Putra, S. P. (2024). Post office service innovation: Responding to competitive challenges. International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities, 5(2), 9–14. https://doi.org/10.47505/IJRSS.2024.2.2

Sarce, K., & Daengs, A. G. S. (2023). Strategi pelayanan kepada konsumen di agen pos Gunung Sari Indah-Surabaya. Cakrawala: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Global, 2(3), 245–261. https://doi.org/10.30640/cakrawala.v2i3.1597

Schünke, J. C., & Tai, S. H. T. (2023). The determinants of the sea freight fee in container shipping: An analysis by route. World Review of Intermodal Transportation Research, 11(4), 341–361. https://doi.org/10.1504/WRITR.2023.137458

Soedarsono, R. A., Pradilla, F. A., Aini, K. N., Ashari, M. Y., & Putra, I. D. G. S. U. (2025). Strategi peningkatan efisiensi layanan pusat logistik berikat melalui pendekatan SWOT. Jurnal Perspektif Bea dan Cukai, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.31092/jpbc.v9i1.3269

Sugiyono. (2023). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.

Syafrianita, S., Purnomo, A., & Nasrudin, M. F. (2025). Investigasi hubungan antara advanced technology, logistics service cost, dan logistics performance di Shopee Express Bandung Raya. Land Journal, 6(1), 253–265. https://doi.org/10.47491/landjournal.v6i1.4038

Triastuti, W. R. (2024). Analysis of postal agent performance in Sidoarjo seen from external and internal factors. Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.24815/jr.v7i1.37057

Yunanto, R. (2022). Perbandingan kinerja first mile dan last mile dari jasa parcel delivery di area perkotaan. Jurnal Logistik dan Rantai Pasok, 5(2), 45–58.

Ziyaduddin, H. F., Mukhsin, M., & Satyanegara, D. (2025). Pengaruh kolaborasi terhadap kinerja logistik dengan kapabilitas logistik sebagai variabel intervening. J-CEKI: Jurnal Cendekia Ilmiah, 4(6), 1589–1603. https://doi.org/10.56799/jceki.v4i6.11817

Published

2026-08-23

How to Cite

Pandiangan, D. H., Purnomo, A., & Mulyati, E. (2026). Peran Agen Pos dalam Memediasi Pengaruh First Mile, Tarif, dan Last Mile terhadap Kinerja Jasa Pos Reguler di Kantor Cabang Utama Makassar. Siber Journal of Transportation and Logistics, 4(2), 344–356. https://doi.org/10.38035/sjtl.v4i2.1104