Hukum Agraria: Problematika Sengketa Tanah di Kota Makassar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jsmd.v4i1.862Keywords:
Sengketa Tanah, Regulasi, Kepastian Hukum, Hukum Agraria, Keadilan SosialAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi akar penyebab dan kelemahan sistemik dalam regulasi pertanahan serta mengevaluasi tantangan penyelesaiannya di Kota Makassar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, didukung oleh teknik pengumulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan FGD yang dianalisis menggunakan NVivo 12 Plus. Proses analisis melibatkan coding tematik, eksplorasi pola dengan fitur query dan relationship, serta visualisasi data untuk mendukung interpretasi temuan secara sistematis. Studi ini menemukan bahwa sengketa tanah di Kota Makassar dipicu oleh tumpang tindih kepemilikan dan sertifikat, kelemahan regulasi agraria yang tidak konsisten antara peraturan nasional dan kebijakan daerah, prosedur administrasi yang rumit, kurangnya koordinasi antar lembaga, serta keterbatasan akses masyarakat terhadap jalur hukum, terutama bagi kelompok rentan. Kondisi ini menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum, ketimpangan distribusi tanah, dan konflik sosial-ekonomi yang berkepanjangan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan pendekatan komprehensif berbasis hukum agraria yang menekankan keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan kemanfaatan, termasuk harmonisasi regulasi, penyederhanaan prosedur administrasi, penerapan sistem informasi pertanahan digital, serta mekanisme mediasi dan pemberdayaan masyarakat agar penyelesaian sengketa tanah lebih efektif, transparan, dan berkelanjutan.
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