Bagaimana WTO Membatasi Kedaulatan Negara Dalam Menyusun Kebijakan Perdagangan?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jsmd.v3i3.567Keywords:
WTO, Kedaulatan Negara, Negara Berkembang, Kebijakan Perdagangan, SengketaAbstract
Penelitian ini menganalisis implikasi hukum dan struktur WTO terhadap kedaulatan ekonomi negara-negara berkembang. Melalui analisis kualitatif berbasis studi kasus dan penelaahan dokumen, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kewajiban Most Favoured Nation, National Treatment, pengikatan tarif, dan disiplin subsidi menghambat kapasitas negara dalam merancang kebijakan industri strategis. Mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa oleh WTO turut memperkuat sifat mengikat dari rezim tersebut, sebagaimana terlihat dalam kasus sengketa antara Indonesia-Amerika Serikat terkait pembatasan impor hortikultura dan produk hewani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya ketidakseimbangan struktural yang membuat negara berkembang menghadapi tantangan lebih besar dalam mempertahankan kepentingan domestik. Temuan ini menekankan bahwa WTO memainkan peran signifikan dalam menentukan batas ruang kebijakan negara berkembang.
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